There are a number or theories when it comes to finding the root of sibling jealousy and endless combinations of possible factors. Maybe your brother was the first born and it was always obvious that he received the most love from your parents. Maybe he was the first born, brilliant and extremely good-looking. Maybe you suffered from “middle child syndrome” as well and had to watch the oldest and youngest get spoiled while you played with hand-me-down dolls. Or maybe, just maybe, you were the one the others were jealous of.
But, researchers agree, no matter which side of the spectrum you were on, those childhood feelings can manifest themselves into an ugly lifetime resentment, filled with competition, childish antics (especially at family gatherings) and horribly unfunny jokes.
Cognitive Goals and Communicative Responses Associated with Jealousy, Envy, and Rivalry Among Adult Siblings
Researchers at the University of Hawaii at Manoa presented a new study to the Family Communication Division for the 2008 meeting of the National Communication Association in San Diego.
The study, which surveyed 205 participants, examined cognitive and behavioral aspects of jealousy, envy and rivalry experienced among adult siblings. An online survey asked undergraduate students aged 18 to 40 to rate their level of relationship satisfaction with their brothers and sisters.
Results showed that 56 percent of the respondents reported instances of sibling jealousy, envy or rivalry. It proved what Fitzpatrick & Badzinski already told us in 1994 - siblings tend to compare themselves on several domains such as attractiveness, intelligence and success.
The study went on to say the results indicated that these three emotions are salient by many individuals beyond childhood, but not often dealt with properly. Participants reporting on a jealous incident said they discussed the issue with another person as the primary response, discussed it with the sibling or avoided the issue entirely. Initial coping responses for envious experiences included talking to the sibling or simply avoiding the other person by using coping tactics like acceptance and discussion with another person. The most common initial coping response for participants dealing with sibling rivalry was verbal assault, followed by discussion with sibling, acceptance, making a joke of it and sarcasm.
New Study Turns to the Children for Answers
In an effort to find the root of sibling jealousy, researchers asked a group of fifth and sixth graders what makes them jealous of their brothers and sisters.
North Carolina State University Professor Amy Halberstadt found children were able to pinpoint four key issues that cause jealousy between siblings:
- if one sibling receives a gift and the other does not
- if parents tend to take one sibling's side over another's when there is conflict
- if parents spend more time with one sibling than another
- if one sibling gets more attention than another due to a talent or skill
Treating and Preventing Sibling Rivalry and Jealousy Before it’s Too Late
Experts say parents should treat each child fairly; identify and enhance each child’s strengths; avoid making comparisons between children; recognize the signs of a fight; punish all children involved in a fight; and reward children for not fighting.
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